Which type of validity assesses the correlation between test scores and later performance?

• A. Concurrent validity
• B. Predictive validity
• C. Internal validity
• D. External validity

Answer: (B)

Predictive validity is the type of validity that focuses on the correlation between test scores and later performance. This form of validity seeks to determine how well a test can predict future outcomes or behaviors based on current test scores. For example, a standardized test used to evaluate a student’s potential to succeed in college would be assessed for predictive validity by examining how those test scores correlate with the students' actual college performance over time.

By establishing predictive validity, counselors and educators can have more confidence that their assessments are accurate indicators of future success or performance, which is crucial for making informed decisions regarding placements and interventions. This makes predictive validity particularly important in educational and clinical settings where future performance is a key concern.

In contrast, the other types of validity mentioned serve different purposes. Concurrent validity assesses the relationship between test scores and performance at the same time, while internal validity focuses on the extent to which a test accurately measures the intended construct within the specific study context. External validity pertains to the generalizability of the findings beyond the study sample.